Adjectives
ADJECTIVES
COMPARATIVES
- short adjectives (short, long, hard, etc.)
• add –(e)r
short – shorter
long – longer
hard – harder
- long adjectives (beautiful, expensive, complicated, etc.)
• add more before the adjective
beautiful – more beautiful
expensive – more expensive
complicated – more complicated
SPELLING
- Y changes into I
heavy – heavier
pretty – prettier
- double the consonant
big – bigger
hot – hotter
!!! EXCEPTIONS
Good – better
Bad – worse
Far – farther / further
SUPERLATIVES
- short adjectives (short, long, hard, etc.)
• add the before the adjective and –(e)st to the adjective
short – the shortest
long – the longest
hard – the hardest
- long adjectives (beautiful, expensive, complicated,etc.)
• add the most before the adjective
beautiful – the most beautiful
expensive – the most expensive
complicated – the most complicated
SPELLING
- Y changes into I
heavy – the heaviest
pretty – the prettiest
- double the consonant
big – the biggest
hot – the hottest
!!! EXCEPTIONS
Good – the best
Bad – the worst
Far – the farthest / the furthest
Special structure "as – as”
We use this structure to say that some two objects are the same. We do not use comparative here.
He is as old as me.
You are as clever as Jim.
She is not as fat as her mother.
ADVERBS
Add –(l)y to the adjective
quick – quickly
nice – nicely
comfortable – comfortably
SPELLING
Y changes into I
happy – happily
easy – easily
Double L
careful – carefully
!!! EXCEPTIONS
- some adverbs do not have –ly
FAST – We drove fast.
– He is a fast runner.
- some adverbs have two forms – with and without –ly (they differ in meaning)
HARD – We worked hard.
HARDLY – We could hardly see anybody.
LATE – She always comes late
LATELY – I've been very tired lately.
And one more exception:
GOOD – WELL